Immigration As A Way To Change Life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Migration As A Way To Change Life - Essay Example The immature living condition, with its obscured and rather unpalatable assembling structures, make anâ atmosphere of dismalness which is stressed by the run down looking residents who pull themselves around the city tediously as they experience their lives in both social detachment and dread of the vulnerability that disturbing financial situations can cause. During this timespan, within the homes of the residents of Tyler, most inside dã ©cor is totally infertile, with worn out window ornaments and matured endured furniture. As a rule, families have no proper eating regions, bringing on additional mental harm as far as finding both confidence and a feeling of having a place in a threatening living condition. Numerous families are compelled to permit their all-encompassing kinfolk to live in their feeble condos or unobtrusive houses so as to make sure about enough salary essentially to keep food in their eager guts. In my family, youngsters had to jam into a particular room, which for the most part comprised of numerous beds, arranged in an ideal column in the midst of a domain frantically needing redesign and a sprinkle of shading. While other kids over the globe experience euphoria from all around improved rooms, bound with weaving and banners of well known superstars or competitors, the dozing condition in Tyler was as cold and uninvi ting as the outside environmental factors. During the evening time hours, my kin and I would murmur to each other in the calm night, continually attempting to overwhelm the stunning quiet which brought vibes of precariousness and dread of the obscure. Deficiencies of food and other Westernized items caused noteworthy issues with the vast majority of the neighborhood network. Since I was among the most advantageous in my more distant family, I was regularly chosen for secure a solitary portion of bread with the goal that the family could have a feasible dinner.

Information Systems in Organizations free essay sample

Characterize the term called data framework assessment by utilizing various sorts of assessment standards for the previously mentioned data frameworks. 3. 2 Describe elective strategies for taking care of an issue 1 . 1) Describe the data needs in various data framework in the above contextual investigation Definition of Information Data that is exact and opportune, explicit and sorted out for a reason, introduced inside a setting that gives it importance and pertinence, and can prompt an expansion in comprehension and decline in vulnerability. Data is important in light of the fact that it can impact conduct, a choice, or a result Different sorts useful regions of the association Information frameworks Information frameworks (IS) is the investigation of corresponding systems of equipment and programming that individuals and associations use to gather, channel, process, make, and disseminate information. The examination spans business and software engineering utilizing the hypothetical gifts to hint and calculation to contemplate different plans of action and related algorithmic procedures inside a software engineering discipline. We will compose a custom article test on Data Systems in Organizations or then again any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page PC Information System(s) (CICS) is a field considering PCs and algorithmic breaks, including their standards, their product and equipment plans, their applications, and their effect on society while IS accentuates usefulness over structure. The historical backdrop of data frameworks corresponds with the historical backdrop of software engineering that started well before the cutting edge control of software engineering developed in the twentieth century. As to dissemination of data and thoughts, various heritage data frameworks despite everything exist today that are consistently refreshed to advance ethnographic methodologies, to guarantee information honesty, and to improve the social viability proficiency of the entire procedure. As a rule, data frameworks are engaged after preparing data inside associations, particularly inside business ventures, and offering the advantages to current society. HR Human assets is the arrangement of people who make up the workforce of an association, business area or an economy. Human capital is here and there utilized equivalently with HR, albeit human capital ordinarily alludes to a progressively limited view; I. E. , the information the people epitomize and can add to an association. Similarly, different terms in some cases utilized incorporate labor, ability, work or essentially individuals. The expert order and business work that administers an associations HR is called human asset the executi ves (HARM, or just HER). Deals and advertising Sales is your main thing and state during the one second your item or administration is being bought. Its affirming the installment choices. Salesmen need to take care of the Marketing procedure and utilize the assets successfully that they had a section in building. There should be an association between the Sales and Marketing offices. Showcasing is your main thing (Sales individuals and Marketing individuals), when the deal. The technique will recognize possibilities that will prompt the deal. Showcasing is finding out about your customer needs and conveying on them (or acknowledging there is certainly not a fit with a possibility). Promoting is tied in with building mindfulness and connections its beginning and end that makes the telephone ring the first run through and persuades past clients to purchase from you once more. Showcasing incorporates whatever comes into contact with your client. Fund Finance is the investigation of how speculators designate their benefits after some time under conditions f sureness and vulnerability. A key point in fund, which influences choices, is the time estimation of cash, which expresses that a unit of money today is worth more than a similar unit of cash tomorrow. Money plans to value resources dependent on their hazard level, and anticipated pace of return. Fund can be broken into three diverse sub classifications: open account, corporate money and individual account. Qualities To Intimation Good data is what is utilized and which makes esteem. Experience and research shows that great data has various characteristics. Great data is lift for its motivation, adequately exact for its motivation, complete enough for the issue, dependable and focused to the correct individual. It is likewise imparted in time for its motivation, contains the correct degree of detail and is conveyed by a suitable channel, I. E. One that is reasonable to the client. Further subtleties of these attributes identified with hierarchical data for dynamic follows. Accessibility/openness Information ought to be anything but difficult to get or get to. Data kept in a book or something to that affect is just accessible and simple to get to on the off chance that you have the book to hand. A genuine case of accessibility is a phone registry, as each home has one for its neighborhood. It is most likely the primary spot you search for a nearby number. However, no one keeps the entire countrys phone directories so for numbers further field you most likely telephone an index enquiry number. For business premises, state for an inn in London, you would presumably utilize the Internet. Organizations used to keep client subtleties on a card-file framework at the clients branch. In the event that the client visited an alternate branch a call would be expected to check subtleties. Presently, with brought together imputer frameworks, organizations like banks and building social orders can get to any clients information from any branch. Precision Information should be exact enough for the utilization to which it will be put. To get data that is 100% exact is typically unreasonable as it is probably going to be too costly to even consider producing on schedule. The level of exactness relies on the conditions. At operational levels data may should be exact to the closest penny on a market till receipt, for instance. At strategic level office heads may see week after week rundowns right to the closest OHIO, though t key level executives may see contrasting stores exhibitions more than a while with the closest OHIO,OHO every month. Exactness is significant. For instance, if government insights dependent on the last evaluation wrongly show an expansion in births inside a zone, plans might be made to manufacture schools and development organizations may put resources into new lodging advancements. In these cases any speculation may not be recovered. Unwavering quality or objectivity Reliability manages reality of data or the objectivity with which it is introduced. You can possibly truly utilize data unhesitatingly in the event that you make certain of its obligation and objectivity. While inquiring about for an exposition in any subject, we may make straight for the library to locate a reasonable book. We are sensibly sure that the data found in a book, particularly one that the library has bought, is dependable and (on account of true data) objective. The book has been composed and the writers name is normally printed tort all to see. The distributer should n utilized a supervisor and a specialist in the field to alter the book and question any genuine questions they may have. To put it plainly, much time and vitality goes into distributing a wacko and therefore we can be sensibly sure that the data is solid and goal. Contrast that with discovering data on the Internet where anyone can compose unedited and unsubstantiated material and distribute it on the web. Except if you know who the creator is, or a respectable college or government office backs up the examination, at that point you can't be certain that the data is solid. Some Internet sites resemble vanity distributing, where anybody can compose a book and pay certain (vanity) distributers to distribute it. Pertinence/propriety Data ought to be applicable to the reason for which it is required. It must be reasonable. What is important for one chief may not be significant for another. The client will get disappointed if data contains information unessential to the undertaking close by. For instance, a statistical surveying organization may give data on clients view of the nature of an item. This isn't important for the supervisor who needs to know assessments on relative costs of the item and its adversaries. The data picked up would not be pertinent to the reason. Culmination Information ought to contain all the subtleties required by the client. Else, it may not be valuable as the reason for settling on a choice. For instance, if an association is provided with data in regards to the expenses of providing an armada of vehicles for the business power, and adjusting and support costs are excluded , then a costing dependent on the data provided will be impressively thought little of. In a perfect world all the data required for a specific choice ought to be accessible. Be that as it may, this once in a while occurs; great data is regularly deficient. To address all the issues of the circumstance, you frequently need to gather it from an assortment of sources. Level of detail/frequencies Information ought to be in a structure that is sufficiently short to take into consideration its assessment and use. There ought to be no unessential data. For instance, it is normal practice to sum up money related information and present this data, both as figures and by utilizing an outline or chart. We would state that the diagram is more succinct than the tables of figures as there is practically no unessential data in the chart or outline. Obviously there is an exchange off between level of detail and compactness. Introduction The introduction of data is critical to the client. Data can be all the more effortlessly acclimatized on the off chance that it is tastefully satisfying. For instance, a promoting report that incorporates charts of insights will be progressively brief just as more tastefully satisfying to the clients inside the association. Numerous associations use introduction programming and show outline data by means of an information p

Alfred Binet and the Simon-Binet Intelligence Scale

Alfred Binet and the Simon-Binet Intelligence Scale October 17, 2019 Wikimedia Commons/Public Domain More in Psychology History and Biographies Psychotherapy Basics Student Resources Theories Phobias Emotions Sleep and Dreaming In This Article Table of Contents Expand Best Known For Early Life Career Binet's Intelligence Test Contributions Selected Publications In His Own Words Alfred Binet was a French psychologist best-remembered for developing the first widely used intelligence test. The test originated after the French government commissioned Binet to develop an instrument that could identify school kids that needed remedial studies. With his collaborator Theodore Simon, they created the Binet-Simon Intelligence Scale.?? Lewis Terman later revised the scale and standardized the test with subjects drawn from an American sample and the test became known as the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales. The test is still in use today and remains one of the most widely used intelligence tests.?? Best Known For Binet-Simon Intelligence Scale??Stanford-Binet IQ Test?? Early Life Alfred Binet was born Alfredo Binetti  on July 8, 1857,? in Nice, France. His father, a physician, and his mother, an artist, divorced when he was young and Binet then moved to Paris with his mother.?? After graduating from law school in 1878, Binet initially planned to follow in his fathers footsteps and enroll in medical school. He began to study science at Sorbonne but soon began educating himself in psychology by reading works by individuals such as Charles Darwin and John Stuart Mill.?? Career Binet began working at the Salpêtrière Hospital in Paris under the guidance of Jean-Martin Charcot. Afterward, he moved to a position at the Laboratory of Experimental Psychology where he was the associate director and researcher. In 1894, Binet was appointed the director of the lab and he remained in this position until his death in 1911.?? Binets early support of Charcots research on hypnotism resulted in professional embarrassment when Charcots ideas faltered under closer scientific evaluation. He soon turned his interest toward the study of development and intelligence, often basing his research on observations of his two daughters.?? While Alfred Binets interests were broad and quite diverse, he is most famously known for his work on the topic of intelligence. Binet was asked by the French government to develop a test to identify students with learning disabilities or who required special help in school.?? Binets Intelligence Test Binet and colleague Theodore Simon developed a series of tests designed to assess mental abilities. Rather than focus on learned information such as math and reading, Binet instead concentrated on other mental abilities such as attention and memory. The scale they developed became known as the Binet-Simon Intelligence Scale.?? The test was later revised by psychologist Lewis Terman and became known as the Stanford-Binet. While Binets original intent was to use the test to identify children who needed additional academic assistance, the test soon became a means to identify those deemed feeble-minded by the eugenics  movement.??  Eugenics was the belief that the human population could be genetically improved by controlling who was allowed to have children. By doing this, the eugenicists believed they could produce more desirable inherited characteristics. This shift in how the test was used is notable since Binet himself believed that the intelligence test he had designed had limitations. He believed that intelligence was complex and could not be fully captured by a single quantitative measure. He also believed that intelligence was not fixed. Perhaps most importantly, Binet also felt that such measures of intelligence were not always generalizable and could only apply to children with similar backgrounds and experiences.?? Alfred Binets Contributions to Psychology Today, Alfred Binet is often cited as one of the most influential psychologists in history. While his intelligence scale serves as the basis for modern intelligence tests, Binet himself did not believe that his test measured a permanent or inborn degree of intelligence. According to Binet, an individuals score can vary. He also suggested that factors such as motivation and other variables can play a role in test scores. Selected Publications Binet, A. (1916). New methods for the diagnosis of the intellectual level of subnormals. In E. S. Kite (Trans.), The development of intelligence in children. Vineland, NJ: Publications of the Training School at Vineland. (Originally published 1905 in LAnnée Psychologique, 12, 191-244.) Binet. A., Simon, T. (1916). The development of intelligence in children. Baltimore, Williams Wilkins. (Reprinted 1973, New York: Arno Press; 1983, Salem, NH: Ayer Company). In His Own Words Some recent philosophers seem to have given their moral approval to these deplorable verdicts that affirm that the intelligence of an individual is a fixed quantity, a quantity that cannot be augmented. We must protest and react against this brutal pessimism; we will try to demonstrate that it is founded on nothing. - Alfred Binet, Les idées modernes sur les enfants, 1909??

Alfred Binet and the Simon-Binet Intelligence Scale

Alfred Binet and the Simon-Binet Intelligence Scale October 17, 2019 Wikimedia Commons/Public Domain More in Psychology History and Biographies Psychotherapy Basics Student Resources Theories Phobias Emotions Sleep and Dreaming In This Article Table of Contents Expand Best Known For Early Life Career Binet's Intelligence Test Contributions Selected Publications In His Own Words Alfred Binet was a French psychologist best-remembered for developing the first widely used intelligence test. The test originated after the French government commissioned Binet to develop an instrument that could identify school kids that needed remedial studies. With his collaborator Theodore Simon, they created the Binet-Simon Intelligence Scale.?? Lewis Terman later revised the scale and standardized the test with subjects drawn from an American sample and the test became known as the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales. The test is still in use today and remains one of the most widely used intelligence tests.?? Best Known For Binet-Simon Intelligence Scale??Stanford-Binet IQ Test?? Early Life Alfred Binet was born Alfredo Binetti  on July 8, 1857,? in Nice, France. His father, a physician, and his mother, an artist, divorced when he was young and Binet then moved to Paris with his mother.?? After graduating from law school in 1878, Binet initially planned to follow in his fathers footsteps and enroll in medical school. He began to study science at Sorbonne but soon began educating himself in psychology by reading works by individuals such as Charles Darwin and John Stuart Mill.?? Career Binet began working at the Salpêtrière Hospital in Paris under the guidance of Jean-Martin Charcot. Afterward, he moved to a position at the Laboratory of Experimental Psychology where he was the associate director and researcher. In 1894, Binet was appointed the director of the lab and he remained in this position until his death in 1911.?? Binets early support of Charcots research on hypnotism resulted in professional embarrassment when Charcots ideas faltered under closer scientific evaluation. He soon turned his interest toward the study of development and intelligence, often basing his research on observations of his two daughters.?? While Alfred Binets interests were broad and quite diverse, he is most famously known for his work on the topic of intelligence. Binet was asked by the French government to develop a test to identify students with learning disabilities or who required special help in school.?? Binets Intelligence Test Binet and colleague Theodore Simon developed a series of tests designed to assess mental abilities. Rather than focus on learned information such as math and reading, Binet instead concentrated on other mental abilities such as attention and memory. The scale they developed became known as the Binet-Simon Intelligence Scale.?? The test was later revised by psychologist Lewis Terman and became known as the Stanford-Binet. While Binets original intent was to use the test to identify children who needed additional academic assistance, the test soon became a means to identify those deemed feeble-minded by the eugenics  movement.??  Eugenics was the belief that the human population could be genetically improved by controlling who was allowed to have children. By doing this, the eugenicists believed they could produce more desirable inherited characteristics. This shift in how the test was used is notable since Binet himself believed that the intelligence test he had designed had limitations. He believed that intelligence was complex and could not be fully captured by a single quantitative measure. He also believed that intelligence was not fixed. Perhaps most importantly, Binet also felt that such measures of intelligence were not always generalizable and could only apply to children with similar backgrounds and experiences.?? Alfred Binets Contributions to Psychology Today, Alfred Binet is often cited as one of the most influential psychologists in history. While his intelligence scale serves as the basis for modern intelligence tests, Binet himself did not believe that his test measured a permanent or inborn degree of intelligence. According to Binet, an individuals score can vary. He also suggested that factors such as motivation and other variables can play a role in test scores. Selected Publications Binet, A. (1916). New methods for the diagnosis of the intellectual level of subnormals. In E. S. Kite (Trans.), The development of intelligence in children. Vineland, NJ: Publications of the Training School at Vineland. (Originally published 1905 in LAnnée Psychologique, 12, 191-244.) Binet. A., Simon, T. (1916). The development of intelligence in children. Baltimore, Williams Wilkins. (Reprinted 1973, New York: Arno Press; 1983, Salem, NH: Ayer Company). In His Own Words Some recent philosophers seem to have given their moral approval to these deplorable verdicts that affirm that the intelligence of an individual is a fixed quantity, a quantity that cannot be augmented. We must protest and react against this brutal pessimism; we will try to demonstrate that it is founded on nothing. - Alfred Binet, Les idées modernes sur les enfants, 1909??

Delayed Childbearing Outcomes And Prevention - 1141 Words

Delayed Childbearing Outcomes and Prevention Adelaida Gorguis Nova Southeastern University Having one child can be life threatening if not cared for properly while developing in the womb of the mother. Having more than one infant being carried in a womb can also be life threatening for the mother bearing the infant and for the infant itself. Needless to say, one, two, three or even four infants in a womb simultaneously depicts a high risk in the outcome of a birth, but the infants and the mother are more prone to circumstantial risks when the mother bearing the child is over the age of 35. Woman aged 35 or older are at 20% to 40% more prone to having an increased risk of low birth weight and preterm delivery. Countless women decide to wait for numerous reasons, such as, late marriages, pursuing a higher education, and/ or establishing their careers. According to the journal article, Effects of Older Maternal Age on the Risk of Spontaneous Preterm Labor, they found that older maternal age exerted a direct and independent effect on spontaneous preterm labor for both nullipar ous women with no preexisting illnesses or pregnancy complications (low-risk) and nulliparous women who did not have any preexisting chronic illnesses but developed one or more pregnancy complications (high-risk). Woman older than 35 years old bearing an infant are at risk for a low birth weight whether they have a preexisting illness or have lived a normal and healthy life since theyShow MoreRelatedWomen s Risk For Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Essay1723 Words   |  7 Pagesand impact of social factors like poverty, health coverage and education – factors that greatly impact women’s risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes (Waggoner, 2013). 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(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2010) Alcohol consumption affects not only the fetus, but the chances of other reproductive problems can occur such as increased risks of miscarriage, infertility, premature infants at birth, stillbirths , and infants with lower birth rateRead MoreCultural And Religious Perspective On Womens Reproductive Health And Motherhood1288 Words   |  6 Pagescultures, the role of a woman is childbearing and motherhood and some women may feel inadequate and worthless if they have not produced a child. Others simply may not have access or have religious barriers in obtaining contraceptives to prevent unwanted pregnancies. These issues and beliefs are evident among the Latino, African, and Middle Eastern cultures and religions, and it is having a negative health impact on the women and is producing poor health care outcomes. Women of color are experiencingRead MoreTeen Parents And The Teen Parent2737 Words   |  11 Pageschild welfare, and other risky behavior. There are also substantial public costs associated with adolescent childbearing. Consequently, teen pregnancy should be viewed not only as a reproductive health issue, but as one that works to improve all of these measures. More likely to be poor as adults and More likely to have children who have poorer educational, behavioral, and health outcomes over the course of their lives than do kids born to older parents. Having a child earlier than they had originallyRead More Teen Pregnancy in America Essay2461 Words   |  10 Pagesthese changes are noteworthy for the adult woman confronting pregnancy, their effect is frequently magnified when the expecting mother is an adolescent. Adolescent childbearing has become a prominent social issue because of the broad social and economic consequences (Harvy, 1995). Statement of the Problem   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Adolescent childbearing has become a prominent social issue because of the broad social and personal consequences. Babies born to teen mothers are at increased risk of developing physicalRead MoreHealthy People 2020 Initiative : A Initiative Of The Department Of Health1605 Words   |  7 Pagesto create a pubic health prevention framework identifying the most significant and preventable threats to health and facilitating methods and guidelines to avoid or minimize risks of these. Healthy People 2020’s goal is to improve the well-being of women, infants, children, and families. As a result, increasing the quality of years of healthy life. All of this can accomplish by providing a roadmap to all to help individuals and health care providers meet these outcomes. Improving the familiesRead MorePostpartum Depression And The Postpartum Period2037 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction Postpartum depression is one of the most common complications of childbearing with an estimated prevalence of 19.2% in the first three months after delivery (1). Depressive episodes (major and mild) may be experienced by approximately half of women during the first postpartum year (1). Characterized by depressed mood, loss of pleasure or interest in daily activities, feelings of worthlessness and guilt, irritability, sleep and eating disturbances (2), its etiology is multi-faceted andRead MoreShould Sex Education Be Taught?2918 Words   |  12 Pagespregnancy rate. The average ages for all of these results are girls aged from fifteen to nineteen. With the most recent statics, in 2012 there were 3,295 teenage girls to give birth to a child and in 2010 there was 146 million spent on teenage childbearing. The last statistic I found was there were are 18.5 births per 1,000 teenage girls. (National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy, pg.1) With regards to reading this inf ormation it makes me think back to my high school years, wereRead MoreAge Doesn t Affect Parenting Skills2700 Words   |  11 Pageshave welfare, family, They also still can make it to get a career things aren’t as hard as it seems. They can say that they are more likely to be poor as adults and more likely to have children who have poorer educational, behavioral, and health outcomes over the course of their lives than do kids born to older parents, but that isn’t true at all. Teen pregnancy does not mean that they felt that this part of their life was over in fact most of them were positively realizing they have responsibilities

How to write a professional paper

Dear Reader, This article was written in order to help you write a professional paper, increase your writing skills and get a positive grade, suitable for you. It contains basic advices and suggestions on writing a paper and having it A-graded. First of all we are ought to define the term Professional paper. Professional paper is traditionally written in a formal or professional style, but there may be some exceptions. Those who orient themselves on good, qualified and eventually professional writings often will be specialized on journalism, educating, scientific communication and public relations. The most popular mistake among writer is that they strive after an A-grade, but what they really should do is aim to write a quality professional paper. The most important aspect of the process of writing a paper is to use the formal and professional style, but dont let it be too sophisticated. It should be understandable for a regular person but still have a formal and professional view. Try to avoid too simple sentences and expressions, but do not go too far using difficult tenses. Always stick to your point, and do not go too vast with your paper. It should have a clear and focused purpose that is seen even by looking through the paper. Try to be as much concrete in the body of your paper as you possibly can. That is made in order to avoid different misunderstandings while reading it. Fill your paper with such smart words as: though, whilst, even though, however etc. The most attention you should pay on the proof and evidence of your statements. They should be 100% true and do not raise any doubts. Always mention all the evidence from the strongest argument to the weakest but leave something impressive on the conclusion. Try to think out of the box, and try to lay out only original thoughts in your paper. Make them not like everybody elses. When you write a paper, the basic assignment is to put down your own thoughts. That is why it is not recommended to fill your paper with a lot of quotes and someons statements. You should always have a personal approach to the paper but do not overdo with it. The conclusion is the ending part of your paper, and the reader in most cases is more likely to remember the e nding part of the paper then the beginning. So that means that you should pay attention on the quality of the ending part of your paper. Make it impressive, strong and unforgettable. You cam do this with our custom writing service.

The Foolproof Argumentative Essay Topics Organizational Strategy

The Foolproof Argumentative Essay Topics Organizational Strategy There are many steps which you should take so as to compose a fantastic essay. An argumentative paper is part of the persuasion. Even though a simple thousand words can be written in under a couple of hours, to compose a 1000 word paper is a procedure which may take days or even weeks. You may see that the course of action is virtually always the exact same. What Everybody Dislikes About Argumentative Essay Topics Organizational and Why Writing a college argumentative research paper isn't as simple as it might seem at first. Once every so often, your professor might offer you the liberty of writing an argumentative essay for college on the subject of your choice. Understanding how to compose a strong argumentative paper can help you advance your very own argumentative thinking. Argumentative writings is a particular kind of a paper. An argumentative essay will require that you take a specific stance about this issue you're writing about. If you can begin your critical thinking essay with the correct subject, it is going to allow it to be a lot easier for you to compose the critical thinking essay. Moral argumentative essay topics are a few of the simplest to get carried away with. Recent argumentative essay topics that are related to society is going to do. You don't need to find super technical with legal argumentative essays, but remember to do your homework on what the present laws about your preferred topic actually say. When you've got a completed outline, you'll have a step-by-step guide that you're able to follow until you're done writing. You could also make your topics which are along the exact same lines. Figure out which of the topics, you presently have a fairly good background on which will make it possible for you to have a relative edge. When it has to do with writing an argumentative ess ay, the most crucial point to do is to select a topic and an argument which you can really get behind. In choosing your topic, it's frequently a good notion to start out with a subject which you already have some familiarity with. The question might be part of your introduction, or it may make a terrific title. Odds are, all you have to do is relax and locate a topic you're passionate about and, needless to say, one that's debatable. Selecting an emotional topic is also a great idea. It is essential to have a notion about the primary purpose of the topic which you're going to do the job. You must find the research to show your opinion is the right view of the topic. It's not sufficient to select a topic which everybody agrees on. When you are requested to select a great topic for your argument, start with something you're acquainted with. Critical thinking essays demand a deep thought procedure and its effectiveness can be decided by your passion towards the subject. Education scholars are continuously evolving the way that they think about how we learn and what's taught. English language classes usually take a lot of writing. Students are part of the educational system and in addition, they play a part in politics so such issues touch nearly all students in all nations. The Unexposed Secret of Argumentative Essay Topics Organizational You can't create an argument if you don't take a stance and just add details about the given subject. For instance, in college, you might be requested to compose a paper from the opposing perspective. You can rest assured your point of view is right until you satisfy an individual that thinks that you're completely erroneous. It's important to select debatable argumentative essay topics as you need opposing points that you could counter to your own points.

Journal Of The Academy Of Marketing Science-Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Journal Of The Academy Of Marketing Science? Answer: Introduction The marketing strategy of a company is inclusive of the marketing goals which are being integrated into the comprehensive marketing plan. It is imperative to formulate a sound marketing strategy which would be based on the market research as well as focus on the product mix of the firm (Menon et al. 2015). This would ensure the maximum profitability as well as sustainability in the business scenario. The marketing strategy is one of the most fundamental tactics of the organizations in gaining competitive advantage (Armstrong et al. 2015). The marketing strategy of a company is inclusive of the decisions based on the initial condition of the company and the evaluation of the different market orientation strategies of the company. The marketing strategies of a company are inclusive of the different activities that are undertaken by the company such as search engine marketing, pay per click, public relations and others (Hanssens, Rust and Srivastava 2013). The development of the marketi ng strategy is based on the analysis of the external as well as internal environment of the organization. Apple is considered as the largest brand in the history of the technology industry (in terms of revenue generated and the ranking of the brand) (Bonk 2015). The company has gradually evolved over the years and has incorporated breathtaking technology in their products. The company enjoys a dedicated target market in which the customers are usually loyal to the company (Menon et al. 2015). The loyal customers of Apple are not willing to switch over the company and hence the company has created a niche market for itself (Okonkwo 2016). Apple has displayed dedication in incorporating innovation in their product range so that they can satisfy the target market. The brand also makes it a point to keep updated about the latest technologies and choose its markets carefully so that they can make significant contribution in them. This research would try to explore the marketing strategy of Apple in the current business environment. The various aspects of the company would be defined and the purpose of the study would be defined. An in-depth literature review would be done, which would be followed by the research methodology. The ethical issues of the research would be highlighted. The research is expected to gain insights into the present marketing strategies of the firm. Background of Apple Company Apple is one of the most renowned companies of the world, which is headquartered in California, United States of America (Apple 2017). The company is responsible for designing, developing as well as selling of the computer software, electronics and other online services. The hardware products of the company include the iPad tablet computer, iPhone smartphone, iPod portable media player and Apple TV digital media player (Menon et al. 2015). The consumer software products of the company include iOS operating systems, macOS, iWork creativity, Mac App Stores, Apple Music and iCloud. The main product of Apple includes consumer electronics, computer hardware, computer software, semiconductors, fables silicon design and others (Menon et al. 2015). The operating income of the company includes US$ 60.024 billion in the year 2016 and the net income includes US$ 45.687 billion (Apple 2017). The electronic gadgets are considered to be small machines that are capable of doing particular functions, which serve a wide variety of purposes (Sreekanth 2016). The gadgets are considered as the computer programs which give services without depending on any external applications which need to be launched for each one. These kinds of electronic equipment run on the environment which have the ability to manage multiple gadgets. The founders of Apple Inc include Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak and Ronald Wayne in the year 1976 (Apple 2017). The first product of the company was Apple I, which was sold as the motherboard (RAM, CPU and various video-textual chips). Apple Computer Inc was founded in the year 1977 and the company gained funding through the donations made by the multimillionaire Mike Markkula. The first five years of the company witnessed exponential growth and it doubled after every four months (Apple 2017). After the year 1970, Jobs realized that the future computers would be having unique features such as Graphical User Interface (GUI) (Apple 2017).Apple also engaged in the development of the alternative platforms such as A/UX. The company also allied with Motorola and IBM in the year 1994 with the goal of the creation of the new computing platform) (Apple 2017). There was subsequent success with the Macintosh, which was followed by the PowerBook series. There was a return of profitability of the company from the year 1997 to the year 2007. On the year 1998, Apple was introduced a brand new All-in-one computer known as iMac (Apple 2017). The company engaged in various acquisitions so that digital production software can be created. The 2007-2011 phases were mostly characterized by the success of the mobile phone devices by the company (Apple 2017). Purpose of Study The purpose of the study is to explore, understand, identify and evaluate the marketing strategy adopted by Apple Inc. The marketing strategy of the common is responsible for greater sales of the company since it increases the visibility among the target audience (Apple 2017). This activity is directly responsible for increasing the sales of the company. This study would explore the marketing strategy of Apple in detail and find out it effectiveness in the pre-determined target market. Apple is considered as the most admired company and is considered as the number one company among the world. Apple has built their brand with the help of consistent design and value-added features. The company is being perceived as reliable, powerful and intuitive, which has led to the dedicated niche market of the company (Apple 2017). The brand is known for status symbol of upper middle class and the affluent class, due to which it is considered as one of the top brands. This project would strive to understand why the brand is considered as the number one brand in the world. This project would also the innovation and the brand value of Apple in the global market. The company is considered as the most valuable company in terms of sales and revenue. It is important to consider the innovation component of the company and the respective position of the company in the market. This project would strive the distinctive, specific and brand value of one of the biggest companies. The innovation and the brand value of Apple would be analyzed with the help of customer satisfaction rates. The customer feedback would also be studied which would help in the determination of the brand value of the company. Literature Review As defined by Bhattacharya (2016), the marketing strategy of a company is defined as the various tactics for achieving the overall business objectives and reaching out to more number of audiences. The value proposition of the company needs to be embedded in the marketing strategy of the firm. The marketing strategy concerns the marketing plan, which details out the type and the time of the various marketing activities. There are various other components of the marketing plan such as information on the target customers, important marketing messages and the execution of the marketing plan. The marketing plan should be creative and should communicate the key message of the company well. The findings of Winston and Weinstein (2016) reveal that there are three distinct target market of Apple that are being increasingly limited to three main areas. The first class of the target market includes the music lovers, who are addicted to the iTunes and iPod. The second class of target market includes the teenagers and the working professionals who are fascinated by the high-end gadgets by the company. The gadgets such as Macbook, Tablets and other gadgets can be used by any customers, irrespective of their ages (Apple 2017). The third category of the target market is concerned with the usage of the other products of Apple such as Apple TV and Apple iWatch (Apple 2017). Despite all the different segregations of the target market, the company aims the higher middle class and the affluent class who are ready to purchase luxury products. The company aims to design the best personal computers of the world and bring a digital revolution by its innovative products. Kim and Mauborgne (2014) opined that reinvented the phones so that the future of the mobile media as well as computing devices can be defined well. Apple focusses on the innovation component of the product development and they incorporate innovative technologies in their products. This is done by a high level of collaboration among the different business entities of the group. According to Wagner III and Hollenbeck (2014), Apple has several competitive advantages which makes it one of the favorite products in the market. It has superior technology products like the superior operating system used in Mac book or the iWatch (Apple 2017). The company has high degree of technology infusion in its products such as retina scan and iris scan in their smartphones. There is a high degree of brand equity in which the company retains its top position in the market. There is an increasing growth of revenue of the company and it has high profit margins owing to the high prices of the products. One of the most important activities of the company include that it spent heavily on the R D activities, which makes them to focus on the emerging, future technologies rather than the current ones (Apple 2017). Wei, Samiee and Lee (2014) argues that at present the product strategy is present at the core of the marketing strategy of Apple. The products of the company are user friendly and they are also considered as highly intuitive as compared to the other competitors. The simple, uniform and sturdy design of the electronic gadgets of the company is being done to attract a high number of customers (Apple 2017). The products of the company give premium user kind experience through the application of design considerations and advanced features (Wei, Samiee and Lee 2014). The company is known for the implementation of the proactive as well as retroactive approach, which is embedded in the product strategy of the firm (Peppard and Ward 2016). The company engages in the development of the products, which is based on the existing features of products of the close rivals (Wei, Samiee and Lee 2014). The company aims by improving the undesirable characteristics as well as integration of the differen tiating features. The results of these strategies are that they appear innovative and new (while being recognizable and familiar). According to Ryan (2016), the extensive as well as controlled portfolio of Apple is responsible for the creation of unique as well as uniform consumer experience and product usability. For example, the sleek body of the MacBook signals a sense of uniformity. The user interface of the electronic gadgets incorporates the same design and functional principles that revolve around the factor of simplicity (Wei, Samiee and Lee 2014). Apple now has a pool of loyal consumers who are not ready to switch to other brands. Pinson and Brosdahl (2014) agrees to the fact that the products of Apple are pretty expensive when there is a comparison with other similar brands. An Apple smartphone is far more expensive than the conventional Android phones (Wei, Samiee and Lee 2014). This similar logic is also applicable for MacBook series where it is far expensive than ordinary Windows laptops. Apple has adopted the premium pricing strategy by believing in the fact that the higher price would make the audience perceive that the products offered by the company are premium quality (Menzel 2013). The high price strategy is included in the marketing strategy of Apple, which has helped the company to promote as well as maintain a favorable perception among the target audience (Wei, Samiee and Lee 2014). There are customers who are in the belief that the higher price products have exceptionally high product features. This is the reason that the products of the company are superiorly positioned in the minds of the cons umers though premium pricing strategy. As argued by Vigneron and Johnson (2017), the luxury has a psychological association with premium pricing level. The customers are willing to pay extra so that they can get a part of the status symbol and they can have a sense of indulgence. It is imperative that the company is providing adequate features in their gadgets, which is justifiable for the prices they are charging (Wei, Samiee and Lee 2014). The product strategy is concerned with providing premium user experience and this is done by the help of design considerations. As commented by Grhan-Canli, Hayran and Sarial-Abi (2016), the pricing strategy of Apple is aimed for maintaining the high brand image of the company and this would also make the consumers perceive that they are making value added purchases (Wei, Samiee and Lee 2014). Another aim of this pricing strategy is that the companys products are capable of attracting small market share, which typically comprises of the upper classes and the middle classes. The high profit margins of the company help it to maintain its high profit margin (Wei, Samiee and Lee 2014). As argued by Rosenzweig (2014), Apple tries to create Halo Effect, in which the loyal customers of the company wait for the latest versions of the technological gadgets. Apples premium price strategy is aimed at increasing the profit margins of the company rather than increasing the market share of the firm (Rosenzweig 2014). This also enables the company to offer limited number of products to the customers at a point of time. As argued by Stiglitz and Rosengard (2015), the company aims to increase the market demands of the products through the use of product differentiation, an act by which the companies give attractive and unique products to the consumers. Despite of the high cost of the products, Apple is successful in creating high demands for their products by the creation of different features and innovative advertising campaigns (Rosenzweig 2014). The company is successful in creating an artificial entry barrier to the competitors. Apple is involved in the selling as well as reselling of the products to the third-party products in almost all major markets. There are direct sales to the consumers, online stores, indirect distribution channels and the various third party cellular network options (Stiglitz and Rosengard 2015). The company uses one retail strategy known as minimum advertised price which prohibit the dealers and the resellers from advertising the companys products below a particular minimum price (Rosenzweig 2014). The minimum advertised price is usually enforced with the help of marketing subsidiaries, which is being offered by a manufacturer to the various resellers. Apple is successful in maintaining the popularity of its high-priced products through the tapping in the offerings of the retails such as Wal-Mart (Wilson and Wilson 2017). The small percentage of the savings which is provided by the marginal wholesale discount is balanced by Apple as it provides monetary incentives to the retailers f or selling the goods at pre-determined prices being set by the company (Stiglitz and Rosengard 2015). The pricing strategy of the company has been successful as it prevents the retailers from competing directly with the own stores of Apple and it also makes sure that no particular reseller is able to gain an advantage over that of another. This way Apple is being able to make more money as a result of direct sales. As opined by Moriarty et al. (2014), Apple keeps minimal budget for their advertising purposes. Apple engages in advertising in broadcast and print media on occasional basis. It also engages in the rare production of content for the purpose of social media and another online media distribution. The consumers are exposed to the different traditional media, in which the customers are exposed to the different advertisements in an emotional manner, which would make the customers think about the company (Stiglitz and Rosengard 2015). The marketing mixs promotion component of Apple comprises of the advertising, sales promotion, public relations and personal selling. As argued by O'guinn et al. (2014), the advertising function is done through the help of website of the company and Apple Stores. The advertising function is also done through the help of other technology news sites. Apple also uses the personal selling approach to give product related information to the customers who are convi nced to visit the Apple store for making purchases (Stiglitz and Rosengard 2015). The Apple stores are also characterized by the sales promotions, which gives attractive offers to the customers. For example, the company provided old smart phones at discounted prices when there is purchase of more expensive product. The company also uses public relations activities to improve their corporate image (Stiglitz and Rosengard 2015). Apple carefully implements the new product releases, interviews and the product features and they optimize them carefully for making the maximum positive publicity. According to Moriarty et al. (2014), Apple is successful in creating an emotional attachment with their customers. The brand understands the preferences and the likings of the upper middle class and the affluent class, which has led to the increased popularity of the brand. Apple is successful in creating a humanistic and realistic corporate culture, which is being supported by strong corporate ethics (Moriarty et al. 2014). It is an ethical organization which has the least number of instances of unethical activities. It has implemented technology in a judicious manner and they have also engaged in several corporate social responsibilities. Gopinath and Stanyek (2014) commented that Apple has unique visual capability and it has strong verbal vocabulary, which has led to the increased popularity of the brand. It has clear advertising and excellent product design, which has made it one of the popular brands of the modern times (Gopinath and Stanyek 2014). The products of the company as well as advertisements are clearly recognizable in the global marketplace. The company is successful in the creation of a successful connection with the customers (Gopinath and Stanyek 2014). It has also successfully built upon the trust of the consumers and the products are designed around the expectations of the target market. For example, Apple is successful in creating an emotional as well as sensory experience to the computing technology in iPod (Gopinath and Stanyek 2014). The design of the products are driven by the needs and wants of the people. The opinions of Wei, Samiee and Lee (2014) suggests that Apple is a powerful brand and it has gained sufficient large number of audiences in the global market. The innovative product base like iMac and iPod. The global presence of Apple can be attributed to the premium appeal of the brand (Stiglitz and Rosengard 2015). Apple is considered as the favorite brand of the celebrities, bureaucrats and the high society people where smartphones represents a status symbol. The company is able to create deep and lasting bonds with their customers (O'guinn et al. 2014). Apple is said to have combined design, imagination and innovation in their product range, which has made it one of the most loved brand in the global market (O'guinn et al. 2014). The experimental nature of the brand has also created a huge target market for the electronic gadgets. The logo of the company has gone through significant changes before it has been finalized to the present ones (Stiglitz and Rosengard 2015). Earlier, there was rainbow-hued nature of the Apple logo, which depicted that of a minimalist monochrome one. This logo was being loved by the audiences as it gave their laptops a colorful look (O'guinn et al. 2014). This was one of the strong tactics used in the advertising component. According to the views of the (Lindtner, Hertz and Dourish (2014), Apple is instrumental in shaping the innovation factor in their products. There is the presence of products, which are better than the products offered by Apple. However, the products of Apple have tremendous credibility as well as the customers are willing to pay an extra price for the products of the company (Stiglitz and Rosengard 2015). Apple is known for its innovative features in their products and the company is known for good ideas. The commitment of Apple is known for the cultural driven and not process related. Apple is able to stimulate new ideas for introducing new products, launch successful products, streamlining the design process and implementing profitable new innovative business processes (Culn and Kriger 2014). The company has constantly expanded into new product lines and their research team is constantly striving to incorporate new features in their product systems. For example, the innovative fea tures of S2 chip has been developed to deliver more lauded process improvements without having to sacrifice on the battery life of the Smartphone (Stiglitz and Rosengard 2015). The fact that the iPods is able to deliver dual music to the two individual wireless devices has been caused by the innovative process of programming that has been embedded in the W1 chips (Gopinath and Stanyek 2014). The company is able to improve the level of innovation in their products. As defined by Savitz (2013), Apple is one of the most reputed companies that has consistently enjoyed high brand value all over the years. There has been an overall increase of 10% of the brand value and the present value of the brand has been over 21% of the present value of the company (Forbes.com 2017). The brand is considered as the most valuable brand in the global market and it is estimated at about $154.1 billion in the year 2016 (Forbes.com 2017). Research Methodology It is important to conduct the research in a systematic manner so that the research goals can be verified. This would also help in the verifying the established facts in the earlier sections. The selected data collection process for this research would comprise of secondary research. This kind of research is concerned with the collection, collation as well as the extraction of the existing research (Neuman and Robson 2014). The secondary research is helpful in the preliminary stages and extract data about the existing research. This kind of research takes into account the data collected by the first party and then analyses the particular data set. Data Collection Method The secondary sources for this research would comprise of the newspapers, research papers, journals, magazines and other relevant. A significant amount of the data collection process would be done with the help of websites, which would provide relevant data about the different marketing strategies adopted by Apple Inc. The reputed websites such as Apple.com and Forbes.com would be used to perform this research. The focus would be given to the different marketing activities of the brand and which has helped them to retain their market position. A wide variety of international journals would be used to extract relevant data on the brand strategies adopted by Apple Inc. A wide number of publications would be used to explore the marketing mix of the concerned firm. The reputed magazines such as Business Insider, The Economist, Blommberg Businessweek would be used for the collection of recent updated data (). These magazines would help in the gathering of the recent marketing activities o f the company, which would help in the establishment of the marketing activities of the firm. These wide variety of secondary data sources would help in the establishment of the research purpose. Data Analysis The secondary data analysis involves the careful selection of the appropriate data from the various data sources. It is important to figure out the particular data needed for this specific project. The data analysis would be done with the help of the following steps- Determination of the section of data that are responsible for the establishment of the research purpose Interpretation of the data in order to understand the current trends of the electronics industry and the new initiatives of Apple Inc. concerning the marketing domain Cross analysis of the data collected from one source to that of the other Comparing same results from multiple sources so that necessary deductions can be drawn Making of recommendations, judgements and advising ideas to improve the future innovation strategies and brand value being undertaken by the company Ethical Issues It is important to identify the different ethical considerations that are important for weigh for the purpose of the research. This act maximizes the value of the investment in the data collection and also reduces the liability of the company ad ensure greater transparency of the collected data. The following are the ethical considerations for the research- Use of the data should not result in any distress or damage to any external third-party association Prior consent should be obtained for using the company websites or any government reports. Disclosure of sensitive information about Apple would not be done without the prior approval of the concerned company. Confidentiality and security of the data should be ensured at every stage of the research so that the concerned company does not suffer due to this particular research Data misinterpretation should be avoided and only true data should be represented throughout the length and breadth of the research Informed consent should be obtained wherever required and the concerned parties should be informed about this particular research Data anonymity should be ensured and the data sources should not be revealed Results The results of the research help in better understanding of the fact that how Apples marketing strategy helps them to become the top brand in the global market- Apple knows how to work with the emotions of their target market and they know how to use them in their marketing campaigns Marketing campaign of Apple strengthens the imagination, lifestyle, passion, innovation, aspirations and the empowerment of the brand Marketing strategy of the brand focusses on enhancing the experiences of the products, which would make the customers remember about the purchase Apple incorporates customer experience into the branding process by giving sole importance to them and placing them in the middle of the marketing process Apple has made the ordinary smartphones or laptops into beautiful ones, which would delight the customers. They are not only good in their looks but they have good features too. Apple knows how to justify the high prices of their products and they have strategic pricing mechanism, which acts as a powerful tool for influencing the customers. The justification for the high prices of the products is being done by incorporating both features as well as benefits. Marketing tactics of the company include that the company always highlights the customer benefits rather than talking about the technical details and the product specifications. The technical jargons are not understood by the customers and hence the company avoids using them. Apple extends the customer experience beyond the actual purchase of the product. They prefer to give good unboxing experience to the customers and designing good user experience Brand statement or the mission statement of improving the customer loyalty is being reflected in the marketing strategy of the company. Apple is successful in creating a unique selling proposition for their products, which differentiates these products from that of the competitors. Conclusion Apple is a successful company with a pool of loyal customers who are not willing to shift to other companies. The company gives value added features as well as benefits to the products, which is justified by the high pricing of the products. This has helped the company to make huge profits through the implementation of premium pricing. The high price strategy is included in the marketing strategy of Apple, which has helped the company to promote as well as maintain a favorable perception among the target audience. The high price strategy is included in the marketing strategy of Apple, which has helped the company to promote as well as maintain a favorable perception among the target audience. Apple also uses their power to connect with the emotions of the people and not with the technical details of the products only. This has made the brand immensely popular among the masses. The example of Apple is succinct in understanding of the marketing mix process applied. The company is often said as the torchbearer in the digital industry and is the market leader in the global market. The high-end appeal of the smartphones, laptops and tablets has led to immense popularity in the affluent class of the society. This can be attributed to the intelligent marketing mechanisms being sought by the company. This report is going to understand the marketing details of the company and how it has strived to achieve the number one position in the global market. References Apple. (2017).Apple. [online] Available at: https://www.apple.com [Accessed 9 Oct. 2017]. Armstrong, G., Kotler, P., Harker, M. and Brennan, R., 2015.Marketing: an introduction. Pearson Education. Beritelli, P., Beritelli, P., Schegg, R. and Schegg, R., 2016. Maximizing online bookings through a multi-channel-strategy: Effects of interdependencies and networks.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,28(1), pp.68-88. Bhattacharya, C.B., 2016. Responsible Marketing: Doing Well by Doing Good.GfK Marketing Intelligence Review,8(1), pp.8-17. Bonk, C., 2015. The impact of Apple's communication and French and Finnish consumers' product perceptions: case of the iPhone product. Culn, A.L. and Kriger, M., 2014, June. Creating competitive advantage in IT-intensive organizations: a design thinking perspective. InInternational Conference on HCI in Business(pp. 492-503). Springer, Cham. Forbes.com. (2017).Forbes Welcome. [online] Available at: https://www.forbes.com [Accessed 9 Oct. 2017]. Gopinath, S. and Stanyek, J., 2014. Anytime, Anywhere? An introduction to the devices, mArkets, And theories of mobile music.The Oxford Handbook of Mobile Music Studies,1, p.1. Grhan-Canli, Z., Hayran, C. and Sarial-Abi, G., 2016. Customer-based brand equity in a technologically fast-paced, connected, and constrained environment.AMS review,6(1-2), pp.23-32. Hanssens, D.M., Rust, R.T. and Srivastava, R.K., 2013, May. Marketing strategy and Wall Street: nailing down marketing's impact. American Marketing Association. Kim, W.C. and Mauborgne, R.A., 2014.Blue ocean strategy, expanded edition: How to create uncontested market space and make the competition irrelevant. Harvard business review Press. Lindtner, S., Hertz, G.D. and Dourish, P., 2014, April. Emerging sites of HCI innovation: hackerspaces, hardware startups incubators. InProceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems(pp. 439-448). ACM. Menon, A., Bharadwaj, S.G., Adidam, P.T. and Edison, S.W., 2015. Effective Marketing Strategy-Making: Antecedents and Consequences. InProceedings of the 1997 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference(pp. 224-224). Springer, Cham. Menzel, A., 2013. How well placed Apple is to sustain its recent success in the Consumer Electronics Industry. Moriarty, S., Mitchell, N.D., Wells, W.D., Crawford, R., Brennan, L. and Spence-Stone, R., 2014.Advertising: Principles and practice. Pearson Australia. Neuman, W.L. and Robson, K., 2014.Basics of social research. Pearson Canada. O'guinn, T., Allen, C., Semenik, R. and Scheinbaum, A.C., 2014.Advertising and integrated brand promotion. Nelson Education. Okonkwo, U., 2016.Luxury fashion branding: trends, tactics, techniques. Springer. Peppard, J. and Ward, J., 2016.The strategic management of information systems: Building a digital strategy. John Wiley Sons. Pinson, C. and Brosdahl, D.J., 2014. The Church of Mac: Exploratory examination on the loyalty of Apple customers.Journal of Management and Marketing Research,14, p.1. Rosenzweig, P., 2014.The halo effect:... and the eight other business delusions that deceive managers. Simon and Schuster. Ryan, D., 2016.Understanding digital marketing: marketing strategies for engaging the digital generation. Kogan Page Publishers. Savitz, A., 2013.The triple bottom line: how today's best-run companies are achieving economic, social and environmental success-and how you can too. John Wiley Sons. Sreekanth, N.S., Varghese, N., Pradeepkumar, C.H., Vaishali, P., Prasad, R.G., Supriya, N.P. and Narayanan, N.K., 2016. Multimodal interface for effective man machine interaction. InMedia Convergence Handbook-Vol. 2(pp. 261-281). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Stiglitz, J.E. and Rosengard, J.K., 2015.Economics of the Public Sector: Fourth International Student Edition. WW Norton Company. Vigneron, F. and Johnson, L.W., 2017. Measuring perceptions of brand luxury. InAdvances in Luxury Brand Management(pp. 199-234). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. Wagner III, J.A. and Hollenbeck, J.R., 2014.Organizational behavior: Securing competitive advantage. Routledge. Wei, Y.S., Samiee, S. and Lee, R.P., 2014. The influence of organic organizational cultures, market responsiveness, and product strategy on firm performance in an emerging market.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,42(1), pp.49-70. Wilson, R.E. and Wilson, R.E., 2017. Target Corporation: Maintaining Relevance in the 21st Century Gaming Market.Kellogg School of Management Cases, pp.1-25. Winston, W. and Weinstein, A., 2016.Defining your market: winning strategies for high-tech, industrial, and service firms. Routledge.

Corporate social responsibility Research Paper Example

Corporate social responsibility Paper Corporate social responsibility is the continuing commitment by business to behave ethically and contributes to economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce and their families as well as of the local community and society at large. Although the secondary stakeholders such as community, society and environment seem to have lower effect on business, an organisation that sought to act in a responsible way would need to compromise and take into account the secondary effects i.e. the externalities of business practice when undertaking work. These responsibilities are directly linked to the essential functions the organisation performs for society and the influence it has upon the lives of individuals. WPP Media is undertaking many programmes in relation to being socially responsible. In 2002, WPP adopted a Corporate Social Responsibility policy and established a performance baseline comprising a small number of key measures for environmental and social issues. WPPs director, Howard Paster, is responsible for the implementation of this policy. WPPs operating companies, together with the parent company, make a substantial contribution to society e.g. donations to charity and community organizations. They contributed more than à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½12 million worth of time, skills, materials and money to social and community causes in 2001. WPP supports a number of community programmes including the Partnership Against Drugs, a UK-government initiative led by Business in the Community, and has participated in the Prince of Wales Business Leaders Forum. WPP is a founder member of the RSAs initiative, Centre for Tomorrows Company, which advances best competitive and ethical business practice. As WWP Media is mainly a service-based company, their impact on the environment is small, but the Group recognises that the pursuit of economic growth and a healthy environment are inextricably linked. WPP, as a parent company to their operating companies, upholds the principle of subsidiary and charges their companies to adhere to best practice. In their worldwide operations they endeavour to adopt good environmental practice in respect of premises, equipment and consumption of resources. We will write a custom essay sample on Corporate social responsibility specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Corporate social responsibility specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Corporate social responsibility specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In the last few years they have invested in millions in improving areas such as education, employment and financed government schemes. As part of WPPs strategy of supporting young people through education, they have pledged 60,000 to Londons first Arts College for the Media Arts: Charles Edward Brooke, a state secondary school for girls from multi-ethnic backgrounds. This government-backed initiative aims to equip young people with the skills needed to succeed in business and to make learning more relevant to the needs of future employers. Group companies are contributing help, counsel and equipment to the college. To carry on the social responsibility doesnt mean the company has to give up their profit, WPPs success has proved that socially responsible firms tend to outperform the market average; it shows the company has long term plan. In addition they will obtain good reputation and stable relationships with their external environment. In conclusion of this essay, WPP Media is showing signs of being a Company that is dedicated to high standards of ethical practice. Their behaviour has met the public expectation, customer demand, also the employees desire. They are taking up projects, policies and standards that please all of their main stakeholders and are still improving every year. Therefore they have obtained not only economic profit but also more importantly, the good reputation, which will benefit their business in long run. Their needs are being met and constantly exercised. It remains to be seen what entails for the company in the future; after all ethical practise should be set as a long-term goal for any organisation and its worth the investment. Bibliography Business strategy, an Introduction  Authors: David Campbell  George Stonehouse, www.weblocate.net.

A List of Free Printable History Worksheets

A List of Free Printable History Worksheets Many different teaching approaches can bring history alive for your students. Add these printable history worksheets to your studies to reinforce your lessons and allow students to hone their knowledge of important historical events and people. President Abraham Lincoln Abraham Lincoln PrintablesUse word searches, vocabulary quizzes, crossword puzzles, and coloring pages to help students learn about Abraham Lincoln, the 16th president of the United States. Activities also teach about the Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial and the first lady from 1861 to 1865, Mary Todd Lincoln. Black History Month: Famous Firsts Black History Month PrintablesAt this link, teachers can find important background information about Black History Month in addition to worksheets and other activities focused on famous firsts among black Americans. The Famous Firsts Challenge, for example, has students match up a famous first for black Americans, such as the first African-American to go into space, with the correct name from a list of choices. Chinas Long and Ancient History Chinese History PrintablesWith a history spanning thousands of years, China is for many people the subject of a lifetime of study. While your students probably wont embark on such an endeavor, this link offers handouts to introduce your students to concepts related to Chinese culture and government. One handout also presents a number matching activity for students to learn how to count to 10 in Chinese. The American Civil War U.S. Civil War PrintablesAmericas Civil War might be the most studied and debated subject in U.S. history. Using the printables at this link, students can become more familiar with the names, places, and events that defined this crucial era for the American republic. Lewis and Clark and the American Frontier Lewis and Clark PrintablesExploration and expansion of the American frontier are essential elements to understanding the United States as a nation and a people. Meriwether Lewis and William Clark were hired to explore the Louisiana Territory that President Thomas Jefferson bought from the French. With the activities and worksheets at this link, students learn more about issues related to Lewis and Clark and their travels. Medieval Times Medieval Era PrintablesThe medieval era is a fascinating time for many students, with tales of knights and jousting as well as political and religious intrigue. Among the activities at this link is a detailed coloring sheet for learning all about a suit of armor. Also included is Medieval Times Theme Paper on which students can write a story, poem or essay about the period. New Seven Wonders of the World New 7 Wonders of the World PrintablesWith an announcement in July 2007, the world was introduced to the New Seven Wonders of the World. The Pyramids of Giza, the oldest and only Ancient Wonder still standing, is included as an honorary candidate. The printables here teach students about the Pyramids and the others: the Great Wall of China, the Taj Mahal, Machu Picchu, Chichen Itza, Christ the Redeemer, the Colosseum, and Petra. American Revolutionary War Revolutionary War PrintablesBy learning about the Revolutionary War students discover the actions and principles of the nations founders. With the activities at this link, students gain a good overview of vocabulary and names related to the Revolution, as well as particular events, such as the Surrender of Cornwallis and Paul Reveres Ride. Womens History Month (March) Womens History Month PrintablesMarch in the United States is National Womens History Month, which recognizes and celebrates womens contributions to Americas history, society, and culture. The printables at this link introduce many important women with significant historical legacies whose names students might not immediately know. These worksheets and activities will heighten students appreciation for the role of women in U.S. history. World War II Historical Timeline WWII History PrintablesStudents will use and expand their knowledge of World War II to complete the activities at this link, which include a crossword puzzle; spelling, alphabetizing and vocabulary sheets; and coloring pages.

TEXTBOOK CJ2012 FAGIN-Select 5 of the following Essay

TEXTBOOK CJ2012 FAGIN-Select 5 of the following - Essay Example Thus, the concept of general deterrence is based on the premise that the fear of punishment will act as a deterrent for people from committing crimes. Besides, deterrence also relies on the idea that the punishment awarded to a person who commits a crime discourages others from committing a crime. On the other hand, specific deterrence, also known as special deterrence focuses on the principle of avoiding recidivism by the criminal. Thus, the punishment awarded for the crime is specific to the person who commits the crime. Specific deterrence further encompasses the tenet that the harsher the punishment is, the lesser is the chance of the offender to recidivate. Thus, the theory of specific deterrence attempts to prevent crimes by inflicting a specific punishment on the offender to remove in the tendency in him or her to commit such offences in the future. This will also serve as a warning to others so that they also will not commit such crimes. Determinate Sentencing and Indetermina te Sentencing The Bureau of Justice Assistance, US Department of Justice, defines determinate sentencing as â€Å"sentences of incarceration in which an offender is given a fixed term that may be reduced by fixed time or earned time† (National Assessment of Structured Sentencing xi). On the other hand, indeterminate sentencing is â€Å"sentences in which an administrative agency, generally a parole board, has the authority to release an offender and determine whether an offender’s parole will be revoked for violations of the conditions of release† (xi). The system of indeterminate sentencing has several inherent problems such as offering discretion to jail authorities and parole officers the time of stay of an offender under the sentence and the length of sentencing tended to depend on individual criminals and not on the crimes. On the other hand, determinate sentencing, a system introduced after the â€Å"sentencing reforms of the late 1970s† replaced th e parole release concept with a â€Å"fixed (flat) sentence that could be reduced by a significant good time provision† (14). Thus, convicts under the determinate system are mandated for a specific period of incarceration as opposed to indeterminate sentencing where they were released on parole. Determinate sentencing relies on just deserts concepts rooted in the â€Å"utilitarian or crime control model† and the length of incarceration depends on the gravity of crime 915). Thus, the concept of determinate sentencing encompasses a mandatory minimum incarceration, depending on the offence committed, whereas indeterminate system involves release of the convict on parole, without having to under a prison sentence. The Difference between Legal Insanity and Incompetence to Stand Trial The criminal justice system takes into the account the mental competency of an offender, at the time of committing a crime, before awarding a punishment to him or her to determine whether the p erson has been mentally competent to understand the consequences of his or her action. Thus, courts reserve the right to declare an offender â€Å"not guilty by reason of insanity if at the time of the offence, because of a mental disease or defect, he or she did not understand the nature, character, and consequence of the act, was unable to distinguish right from wrong† (Warren et al 381). On the other hand, a person can be considered for acquittal on the grounds of his lack of â€Å"

Growing Staff Presentation as Human Resource Management Consultan PowerPoint

Growing Staff as Human Resource Management Consultan - PowerPoint Presentation Example has undertaken for the purpose of making sure that its top management have the right requisite skills that will translate in the production of the required results. This in essence will lead to the achievement of the goals and objectives that have been put in place by the firm. The first among this is the building of skills in the leaders. The dynamic nature of business operations calls for individuals who are in a position to adapt to the various situations that present themselves in the business world. This is not forgetting the Human Resource Issue. For this reason, the individuals should be more adaptive for the purpose of boosting their performance and overall score in the work environment. It is of the essence to note that the organization has various individuals working therein. For this reason, the propositions may not be taken in well by all the parties involved. To some, this may be taken as a way of locking out some individuals, especially those who are not well qualified for certain positions. However, it is of the essence to note that the training, which is undertaken, is for the benefit of all the individuals in the organization when it comes to their general performance. Fashion design is purely artistic and as such, it is the designer and the assistants who determine how far a brand goes. Nonetheless, technology has changed all fronts of our daily lives dramatically; adding innovativeness to what we have always done hence easing our daily loads. The current workforce of Michael Kors Fashion House is large. With 372 workers for a company of its size, it is a record. The large workforce’s output is limited in comparison with what they should be producing. The gap between the workers and the target output is in their inconsistency due to poor work ethics and lack of adaptation of technology. If the company can invest in its workers, it sure will invest in its future. The possibility of the company producing double the much it does today in the

Integrating Social Responsibility In Higher Education Management Essay

Integrating Social Responsibility In Higher Education Management Essay The perception of Corporate Social Responsibility is generally understood to mean that corporations have a degree of accountability not only for the economic consequences of their activities, but also for the social and green connotation. This is occasionally referred to as a triple bottom line approach that considers the economic, social and ecological aspects of corporate activity. a variety of terms are used to describe CSR proposal, including Corporate Responsibility, Corporate Accountability, Corporate Citizenship and Sustainability. The implication and value of CSR may differ in various statuses, depending on local factors including culture, environmental circumstances, and the legal framework. Issues like Education, The Environment, Hunger and Equal Opportunity were once thought of as social issues to be addressed completely by government. Today, public and private organizations collaborate; amalgamation resources, skills, energies and relationships to solve what we now understand are economic issues. But every corporation cannot take on every social issue. Todays most successful corporations must make strategic choices in their approach to Corporate Citizenship. Not only cost-effectively successful, they are deeply occupied in their communities. These companies understand limitations and competencies, and use this knowledge to create a deliberate social agenda that has positive collision in what they do every day. This is the new model for corporate citizenship. A business strategy creating competitive advantage, determining standards and guiding employees in how we manage every day, in communities around the world Literature review The aim of the following literature review is to identify the most important and knowledgeably important academic and practical works throughout the past decade as well as the current practices upon the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in higher education. According to (Valentine and Fleischman 2008) CSR is defined as the economic, legal, ethical, and discretionary expectancies that society has of organizations at a given point in time. This definition is based on Carrollà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s study (1979) where he defined three components of social responsibility and broadened the scope of its understanding (Maignan 2001, Popa 2010). Carroll suggested that businesses have to fulfill economic, legal and ethical in order to address its entire obligations to society. Economic responsibilities designate the obligations for businesses to be productive and profitable (Maignan 2001). Legal responsibilities refer to the framework of legal requirements which businesses need to meet while practicing economic duties (Carroll 1979). Ethical responsibilities are the defined appropriate behaviors by established norms that businesses should follow. According to (Filho et al. 2010) Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is defined through the ethical relationship and transparency of the company with all its stakeholders that has a relationship as well as with the establishment of corporate goals that are compatible with the sustainable development of society, preserving environmental and cultural resources for future generations, respecting diversity and promoting the reduction of social problems (Filho et al. 2010). While CSR points out a way for companies to contribute to the well-being of the society, it also gives the opportunity to create a true competitive advantage and positive reputation for the business world (Smith 2007, Porter and Kramer 2006). Under the new circumstances such as the competition in higher education industry, many higher education institutions are adapting a more business-like approach in order to compete and survive in the changing face of the industry (Weymans 2010, Gumport 2000, Goia and Thomas 1996). And during the adaptation of this business-like approach, some institutions are discovering the importance of corporate image, corporate identity, corporate reputation and mainly CSR as a reputation and an advantage building strategy (Atakan and Eker 2007, Stensaker 2007, Porter and Kramer 2006, Melewar and Akel 2005). Although issues of CSR have always been a part of the educational mission of higher education institutions, through implementing CSR strategies, higher education institutions are now using this approach as a part of their competitive strategy. Hence, by developing such strategies higher education institutions are also discovering the opportunity to move the focus beyond the classroom into thei r own institutional operations. 2.1 Higher education and CSR One of the most significant indicators of social progress is education, which also plays a decisive role for a society to achieve selfà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ sustainable and equal development. With an increasing global realization of how business community can contribute to social objectives, education deserves a higher level of corporate involvement than status quo. Higher education institutions are often looked upon to take a leadership role within societies.  Ã‚  Students expect to learn by examples, whether through advanced research or by extending the bounds of justice on a global scale.  Ã‚   Now business institutions are emphasizing a lot on CSR and they are finding different ways for the implementation of CSR. Higher education institutions can choose to be followers, or they can grab the opportunity to be leader and adopt CSR a vital aspect of their competitive advantage.  Ã‚  A recent academic article on CSR suggests that higher education institutions can lead in the practices of CSR two ways, first, higher education institutions should promote a true culture of CSR throughout their organizations.  Ã‚  Second, higher education institutions should develop social marketing actions in order to better communicate and interact with stakeholders.   Higher education institutions have an opportunity to lead in an area that most businesses have recognized as important.  Higher education institutions can and should build on a tradition of the past decades of attempting to engage in positive social actions. 2.2 CSR and the Stake Holders The stakeholders of a higher education include present students, faculty and management. In the 1980s, student protest often focused on how higher education institutions were managing their large endowments.  Students wanted to have an impact; higher education institutions were grappling with how to respond. In todays era, students still care about how higher education institutions are exercising their own CSR, from climate change and recycling to making a difference with respect to global inequities in the world.   Higher education institutions can meet the expectations of stakeholders by adopting a well-conceived CSR strategy in the same manner as other organizations. Higher education institutions should look forward to grab the opportunity about the concern of stake holders (student current and potential, faculty and management). Higher educations institutions have realized that to gain a competitive edge in the market they have to satisfy the concerns of their stake holders. Therefore implementing CSR strategies in a higher education institution should be considered in order to obtain a true competitive advantage and a positive reputation. Moreover practicing what is taught and thereby generating a real example of the academic knowledge can create a unique proposition for any higher education institution The government of Pakistan needs to be focused on educational and other sector and should be socially responsible and business friendly. Now some educational institution is working to incorporated CSR into the business degrees program and courses, especially at leading business institutes such as LUMS or IBA. 2.3 CSR Practices in Pakistan In Pakistan there is a set of social pressures that force companies and other institutions to act in a much more compact and price-driven manner, thus resulting in a less than 50 percent compliance rate with basic CSR principles and objectives But In educational sector there is less awareness on CSR importance. Now some institutions are putting their efforts to implement the concept of CSR in the future business leaders. The Multi-National Companies is playing a vital role for making business student aware about what is CSR for this purpose different seminars and workshop is conducted for the student on the importance of CSR and its strategy practice and implementation and creating opportunities for the students, potential employer/employee to learn from their best practices. Some companies like Unilever, P G, Gillette, Siemens is performing their job well to aware the future business leaders Of Pakistan. 2.4 Karachi School for Business and Leadership  KSBL Is also committed to promote the core values of integrity and entrepreneurial spirit within our students. So we will be offering a leading-edge MBA programs, with a focus on ethical leadership and corporate social responsibility, to the many talented individuals in the country as well as from abroad. 2.5 Bahria University A Leadership Development Centre is functional at both the Islamabad and Karachi Campuses of the Bahria University. It is built in order to solve the issues and challenges that are faced by students in the world and to become successful leaders and are able to take higher responsibilities. To facilitate student activities, Bahria University has set up a Student Resource Centre that helps students to develop their leadership, communication, management and social skills. Bahria University believes in producing all rounder students containing various skills with themselves and therefore it has provided a platform for growth in that context. 3. Methodology The study research method will be the crucial research plan. Both the qualitative and quantitative techniques would be used in our research. Some of deans, professors and Assistant professors would be interviewed regarding Corporate Social Responsibility and integration with HEC. Students of MBA and BBA were asked to fill a close-ended questionnaire in identification of factors influencing CSR upon Higher Educations, decisions and a suggestion were also be asked from the Professors and students. Measurement Procedure Following Measurement procedures are used in this research. 1) We ask for suggestions and recommendation from the students and the professors. 2) We also rate the major factors of CSR upon higher education. Frame of reference We interacted with the faculty and student who have moderate level of experience and have sound knowledge about the CSR and the higher education system. This approach would help in our research to compile results by cumulating the opinions of the experienced people. Instrument selection Primarily we collected data through interviewing management. Through secondary method, we extracted the information by evaluating the past articles regarding CSR and Higher educations. Since this study explores the Pakistani environment from the perspective of educated professionals and students, the choice of questionnaire have been selected. People who are in consideration for useful and remarkable information for the study will be initially contacted i.e. Students and Professors Variables Main variables would be influence upon social responsibility, higher education, course integration, and Business schools. 4. CSR THE STAKEHOLDERS Faculty Faculty of the institution would be the direct stakeholder of this research as they would be benefited if the research is successful. Students Business School students are the indirect stakeholders in this research because they would be utilized in the convenience sampling of our research methodology. Management The Management would be the direct stakeholder of this research because it is the management who are the core responsible of Corporate Social Responsibility in any organization, especially in Educational institutions. I.e. Business Schools 5. Conclusion and Recommendations Business schools have a responsibility to provide practitioners with training in the basics of ethics, which would ideally act as a catalyst to stimulate socially and ethically managed business organizations. (Cornelius Wallace, Tassabehji, 2007). Business ethics course provides an understanding of ethical and social responsibility issues in contemporary business life. The aim is to enhance studentsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸ critical perspectives in implementing ethical behavior in organizations in relation to various stakeholders as well as the institutionalization of business ethics in the corporations (Undergraduate Handbook 2011-2012). Due to the lack of jobs, recession, inflation unemployment is increasing day by day which leaves only few jobs for business graduates and companies now are focusing on those students that have an extensive knowledge in their respective specialized skills and a good knowledge about CSR and about its implementation. Now, why companies are looking for individuals with CSR knowledge because consumers today require every knowledge about the product. Consumers are demanding more information on everything from where and how their goods are produced to the environmental record of the companies they invest in Pakistan is lacking many things related to Corporate Integration and social responsibility, higher authorities are not taking necessary actions to restore things for the betterment. Integration of CSR into curriculum Offer an additional course in the BBA/MBA program on the importance of CSR its strategy building and practice. For practice and strategy building some reference is needed from case studies and seminars should be offered for the executive MBA Courses which should be make mandatory for all the business students. An additional fund is needed to trained the faculty member/professors by offering workshops related to CSR and international business leaders should be invited as a guest speaker to share their expertise. The research work is also required to do research on current practices of CSR and It should be referred to CSR in the area of their expertise. The faculty member should ask for presentations and report related to CSR model building and its implementation in Pakistan. It should be mandatory for completing the course. Executive programs and seminars on CSR can be developed to help educate business leaders and managers on CSR principles and share international and local best practices. Academic institutions should make CSR an area of academic research. Academic institutions can make an immense contribution to promoting CSR through research findings. Educational institutions can collaborate with businesses to effectively introduce future managers to ethical and responsible business etiquette. Such initiatives include making internship arrangements for practical experience to students at exemplary companies. Students and lecturers can also be involved to conduct process assessments in companies. Academic institutions should also tap into funding and resources from state agencies and business community to develop CSR curricular and facilitate better transition from academia to employment. We need serious, concerted efforts to integrate social corporate responsibility in educational Institution. Business schools should maintain and increase CSR coverage. Business schools should not only react to the growing awareness and demand of students, but also have a proactive role in responsible management education, in both teaching and research. CSR and ethics can be embedded in core subjects, but also be taught as a separate core subject. The students with their positive attitudes towards CSR should draw the demand from the suppliers of their management education to include social and ethical management issues and courses. They act upon their attitudes and values by searching for schools that teach responsible management and by creating their own organizations such as Net Impact.